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Unity

-Principle of Design

Unity is the hallmark of every good design and is the end result when all of the design principles have been correctly applied.  It is the final result when all the design elements work harmoniously together to give the viewer a satisfying sense of belonging and relationship. You know unity has been achieved when all aspects of the design complement one another rather than compete for attention.

 

Achieving unity in your design will result from practicing, knowing and selecting the right visual elements and using the best principles of design to relate them.

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Here Margret Munn is using colors and shapes along with vivid coloring to show unity in this art piece. The artist used the horse as the focal piece allowing it to blend in with the trees in the background. 

She unified the horse with the trees to then drag attention to the animal in the background. The leaves falling down on the right side of the portraits gives the horse a majestic feel. She then completed this art work by mixing in bold colors of leaves and grass on the ground that the horse is now trampling over.

However, in your efforts to achieve unity you need to keep in mind that too much unity without variety is boring.

Similarity: Try repeating colors, shapes, values, textures, or lines to create a visual relationship between the elements. Repetition works to unify all parts of a design because it creates a sense of consistency and completeness.

The painting on the right creates a sense of unity by the effective use of repetition. See how the artist has repeated similar forms (ducks) and color (brown) throughout the composition?

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In the painting above the grouping of similar objects (flamingos),  proximity was used to create unity within this painting.

Alignment: Arranging shapes so that the line or edge of one shape leads into another helps creates unity in your design.

 

When an element is placed in a composition, it creates an implied horizontal and vertical axis at its top, bottom, center and sides. Aligning other elements to these axes creates a visual relationship which unifies them.

Proximity: Group related items together so that these related items
are seen as one cohesive group rather than a bunch of unrelated elements. A “third element” such as a road to connect near-by elements with distant ones also helps to create a sense of relationship between the groups.

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This painting by George Henry demonstrates a strong sense of unity through the use of a similar hues used throughout the painting. Even though there is a strong contrast between the light and dark areas, there is a sense of unity created through the use of similar hues (dark yellows, oranges and greens are used in the foreground and light yellows, oranges and greens are used in the background).

 

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